Highlights 
● Objective of this study was assessment of effectiveness and safety of EETS and Pterional surgery For TSM.
● EETS achieved higher rate of visual improvement compared to pterional surgery.
● Pterional surgery achieved higher rate of gross total resection.
● Pterional surgery frequently reported higher rate of complication except CSF leakage.

Plain Language Summary 
Tuberculum sellae meningioma is a type of intracranial meningioma arising from areas near the sellae turcica. According to its anatomical site, it may cause pressure to vital structures such as optic nerve, internal carotid artery and pituitary gland. Its close relationship with neurovascular structures has made the surgical resection complicated. However, introduction of operative microscopes has improved the outcomes of surgical interventions. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery has recently been employed to remove tuberculul sellae meningioma and the result was good. This paper will exclusively discuss the promises and pitfalls of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for the resection of tuberculum sellae meningioma in comparison with pterional surgery. 

Highlights 
● Approximately half of the patients with spine trauma admitted to Pousina Hospital of Guilan Province underwent operation. 
● Good recovery was seen in roughly four fifth of all of the patients with spine trauma.
● Most of the patients had no complications during their stay at the hospital.

Plain Language Summary 
Spinal Cord Injury is one of the main causes of severe disability and mortality following trauma. Complications and outcomes of patients with spine trauma, especially those who undergo surgery, are a less divulged topic in Iran. Therefore, we designed the present study to evaluate complications and outcomes of patients with traumatic spine in Poursina Hospital of Rasht. In the present study, we referred to registry of spinal cord injuries of Poursina Hospital, which is a referral center for trauma in Rasht in the north of Iran. We investigated records of all the patients with traumatic spine confirmed by CT scan or MRI during 2016-2018. In total, records of 274 patients with spine trauma were reviewed. The Mean of age of the patients was 42.27 years. There were 76 women (27.7%) and 198 males (72.3%). Surgical interventions were done for 148 patients (54%). Median of duration of hospital stay was 2 days. In addition, 2.2% of the patients experienced complications, and 85% of the patients showed good recovery according to Glasgow Outcome Score. The evidence from the present study indicates that approximately half of the patients with spine trauma underwent operation. Good recovery was seen in roughly four fifth of all of the patients with spine trauma. Most of the patients had no complications during their stay in the hospital.

Highlights 
● Some features, including the pathology and location of the tumor, appeared effective in the subsequent hydrocephalic survival both before and after the operation.
● Therapeutic measures such as External Ventricular Drainage  and shunt insertion can be considered for preventing and treating postoperative hydrocephalus. 
● Given the limitations of the present study, including a small sample, further research is recommended to be conducted using larger samples.

Plain Language Summary 
Hydrocephalus is a common complication of intraventricular brain tumors. The present study was conducted to determine the demographic and clinical features and type of hydrocephalus in patients with intraventricular brain tumors before and after surgical interventions. The present study was conducted on 102 patients with intraventricular brain tumors as candidates for tumor surgeries. The presence of hydrocephalus before and after the surgery, External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) insertion and other characteristics such as the tumor location and pathology and demographic characteristics of the patients and the management of hydrocephalus were analyzed. Hydrocephalus was observed in 81 out of the 102 patients before undergoing the surgery and in 41 after the surgery. Although hydrocephalus was not significantly different among the patients by individual characteristics, the tumor location and pathology, the incidence of hydrocephalus was significantly different between before and after the surgery. The present findings suggested features such as the tumor pathology and location affect the subsequent hydrocephalic survival both before and after the surgery. In case these findings are confirmed, they can help predict the therapeutic measures required for preventing and treating postoperative hydrocephalus, including ventriculoperitoneal shunt and EVD insertion.

Highlights 
● EMS, non-surgical interventions, and GOS were evaluated in patients with traumatic spine.
● Most of the patients were transferred to the hospital by ambulance.
● Pre-hospital fixation was required in more than half of the patients.
● Most of the patients showed GCS ≥13 and a good recovery outcome.

Plain Language Summary 
We assessed the pre-hospital emergency services, non-surgical interventions, and clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic spine referred to Poursina hospital in Guilan during 2015 to 2019. 197 patients with traumatic spine were reviewed. 80.2% of the patients were transferred by ambulance. Pre-hospital fixation was performed in 59.4% of the patients (n=117). 4.6% of the patients had GCS <9; 3% of them (n=6) had 9< GCS <12; and 92.4% had GCS ≥13. 11.7% of the patients experienced spinal cord injury. 6.1%, 1%, 3%, 0.5%, and 1% of the patients suffered from paraplegia, paraparesis, quadriplegia, quadriparesis, hemiparesis, respectively. Surgery was performed in 89.8% of the patients. Traction was performed for 3.6% of the patients. Good recovery, moderate disabilities, severe disabilities, persistent vegetative state, and death were found in 85.8%, 2%, 5.1%, 1.5%, and 2.5% of the patients, respectively.

Highlights 
● Concomitant traumatic axis listhesis and atlantoaxial dislocation is rare. 
● The management is controversial due to paucity of literature. 
● Open reduction and combined anterior and posterior fixation are applied successfully.

Plain Language Summary 
We reported a victim of motor vehicle accident suffering from a combination of two types of fractures of the upper cervical spine. This combination is rare and its management is not fully understood. The patient underwent internal fixation by combined anterior and posterior approaches to achieve solid fusion.