en Pediatric Neurosurgery Case report <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and Importance:&nbsp;</strong>Subdural empyema is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt is a common technique used in the treatment of hydrocephalus. It is often plagued with multiple complications, especially infectious ones. However, the appearance of infectious complications related to ventriculoperitoneal shunt remotely from surgery is rather unusual.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Case Presentation:</strong>&nbsp;Through this observation, we are reporting an unusual case of chronic bilateral calcified subdural empyema which occurred 8 years after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. The child underwent a bilateral craniotomy in order to evacuate the empyema and meanwhile remove the valve. One month later, the empyema relapsed along with active hydrocephalus. Consequently, the implementation of an external ventricular shunt was performed and the child benefited from adapted antibiotic therapy. After the infection was treated, a second ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve was implemented. Afterwards, the evolution was favorable, the child retained a discrete left hemiparesis as a sequel.<br> <strong>Conclusion:&nbsp;</strong>This observation is reporting the existence of late morbidity due to the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal valve; which shows that a regular and prolonged follow-up is necessary in children with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve.</div> Complication, Ventriculoperitoneal shunt, Subdural empyema, Bilateral, Calcified 225 228 http://irjns.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-321-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Abdoulaye Diop a.diop@univ-zig.sn 10031947532846006214 10031947532846006214 Yes Department of Neurosurgery, Regional Hospital of Thies, Thies, Senegal. Mohameth Faye fayeneurochir92@gmail.com 10031947532846006215 10031947532846006215 No Department of Neurosurgery, Fann Teaching Hospital, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal. Roger Ilunga Mulumba rogermulumba2004@gmail.com 10031947532846006216 10031947532846006216 No Department of Neurosurgery, Regional Hospital of Thies, Thies, Senegal. Momar Codé Ba bamcode@hotmail.com 10031947532846006217 10031947532846006217 No Department of Neurosurgery, Fann Teaching Hospital, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal. Seydou Boubacar Badiane seybadiane@gmail.com 10031947532846006218 10031947532846006218 No Department of Neurosurgery, Fann Teaching Hospital, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.